Case Study Chiquita Brands International Research Paper - 3300 Words

Case Study Chiquita Brands International (Research Paper Sample) Content: Case Study: Chiquita Brands InternationalStudents name: Institutional affiliation:Case Study: Chiquita Brands InternationalI. Foreign Corrupt Practices ActA. OverviewChiquita Brands International is a leading company in the United States that imports and distributes bananas, as well as other farm produce throughout the country, though its reputation is majorly built in the latter. The demand for its produce is mainly driven by the high population and unfavorable weather for these plants to grow in the US, which forced the company to open several oversea outlets to source its products. One these countries was Columbia, which typically had a surplus of bananas. However, in order to start and eventually facilitate trade, the company was forced to engage in acts that would later taint its reputation. The company was involved in corrupt acts with a paramilitary group by the name United Defense Forces, AUC, who threatened to kill Chiquita employees in subsidiary outlets in Colombia if it did not pay them any specified amount of money. It was for fear of its workers safety that the company agreed to the paramilitary groups terms and in return, they were given permission to import bananas. This was a delicate situation that worried the newly elected head of the company in 2002, Rodrick M. Hills, to an extend that necessitated him to have talks with the DOJ officials. The two sides ultimately agreed that it was in the best interest of the safety of the companys employees, for Chiquita to continue paying the AUC. This was a direct violation of the FCPA, although they concluded that it was a contingency plan to cease of forms of business operation in the region (Einhorn, 2006, p. 33). Eventually, the information was leaked to the public and a case was built against the company. In this case, it was ruled out that Chiquita would pay fines in excess of 25 million dollars and compensation for the families that lost their members.B. Earlier ReactionsChiquita B rands International initially claimed that the allegations about being involved in corrupt actions were untrue. In May 1998, the company was reported by The Cincinnati Enquirer in an eighteen page section to have had been involved in a series of acts that violated ethics works and legal framework of the United States. Although the report did not specifically link the companys activities with the Colombian paramilitary group, it revealed various secrets that were an eye opener for Chiquitas activities and misdeeds in Colombia (Gonzalez-Perez McDonough, 2006, p. 52). The company denied all the listed allegations, and subsequently sued those behind the report, after it was found that investigative reporters of The Cincinnati Enquirer had repeatedly hacked the Chiquitas voice mail system.C. Enforcement of the LawThe legal battle against Chiquita Brands was concluded in March 2007, after the company was fined 25 million dollars, as a part of a settlement with the US Department of Justic e for its ties with the Colombian paramilitary groups. Court documents indicated that Chiquita subsidiary made payments of about 1.7 million dollars to AUC, in exchange for local protection of the companys employees in the volatile banana harvesting zones of Colombia. AUC, like other paramilitary wings in Colombia is listed among Foreign Terrorist Organizations (Cohen, 2007, p. 38).II. Ethical TheoriesTwo ethical theories are applicable in the case of Chiquita Brand's involvement in illegal payments of Foreign Terror organization. These include: utilitarianism theory and Aristotelianism theory. The two ethical theories provide conclusive explanations about the company in its activities, offering diverse perspectives in relation to potential justifications that the Chiquita had in making its overall decision of engaging in unlawful transactions (Driver, 2009, p. 15). A. UtilitarianismUtilitarianism theory is based on the view that the morally right action is the one that produces the most good. In regard to this theory, it tries to explain that the actions of Chiquita are morally right in the perspective that the company considered paying the paramilitary group, as a way of protecting the lives of its valued employees. Although paying the AUC was a direct violation of the FCPA, it generally provided a greater good to continue rather than discounting these payments. The Utilitarianism theory in ethics of business considers the overall good and happiness of all those involved in the transaction. Profit maximization is an essential part of the theory, since the desire for any company to make money in business is highly understandable; hence, it is a priority for most companies. The case of Chiquita to maximize on its profits is proper in order and acceptable; therefore, its bid to ensure continuity in its business venture is justifiable as a business entity (Driver, 2009, p. 18). In this regard, the theory can be used to justify the companys decision to engage in making payments for the protection of its employees, who highly contribute to the overall profit making aspect of Chiquita.However, the Utilitarianism theory offers other perspectives that aim at ascertaining that all the stakeholders of the company were expected to be happy about its activities in Colombia. In this case, the stakeholders of this company are all its employees, their families, suppliers of the company, retailers, consumers, all Chiquitas affiliates and citizens of Colombia attacked by the paramilitary group that received funding. In this perspective, it is essential to note that the majority of the stakeholders were generally happy about the activities of the company in Colombia. Chiquita Brands acted in a relatively unethical manner when it decided to fund the AUC. By paying the paramilitary group at the threat of its retaliation in the event of a refusal to pay is firstly illegal within the country of Colombia, where the specific plantations were located. The compa ny had an option to open a plantation in a country that maximized its profits with the absence of such paramilitary groups, but opted to proceed with an activity that would empower or benefit an illegal group (Driver, 2009, p. 18). If Chiquita had made a decision to stop and never set up its operations in such kind of environment, there would have not been a legal case, as the damage, as well as empowering an illegal group would have been in existence; hence, the greater good of all the stakeholders would have prevailed. B. AristotelianismAristotelianism theory entails the existence of aggregates between extremes. The theory is a collection of philosophical doctrines as attitudes that aim at establishing a philosophical inquiry. It is based on virtual ethics that argue that the highest temporal goods that are internal to humans are actualized by participation in social practices. In the case of Chiquita Brands, the Department of Justice had all the powers to ask the company to stop its payments to AUC with immediate effect, an act that would have been in conformity with the FCPA. The DOJ on the other hand, only let them to continue with the payments as the damages were already greater, while in reality, the trade had to stop. The acts of the DOJ can be viewed to have been in conformity with the Aristotelianism theory. This was based on the Aristotelianism virtues that a good person is one who directly serves the purpose of living well and rationally (Jones, 2007, p. 56). As for the case of Chiquita, making payment for a period of time provided a rationale of convincing the DOJ that a stop of transaction would negatively affect the course of good business that the company was making as a benefit of the paramilitary groups in Columbia. The Aristotelianism theory is applicable in explaining the justification of the department, as well as Chiquita to settle for an agreement that would favor the continuity of the companys business. The theory is in conformity with the act of DOJ in regard to the case of Chiquita, where they agreed that the company would continue to pay the paramilitary group as a solid solution was being sought. The agreements between the Chiquita and the DOJ were mutually aimed at pulling the company from its engagements with an illegal group in Columbia, subsequently utilizing the elements of having a collection of philosophical doctrines and attitudes that were aimed at achieving a philosophical inquiry. The philosophical inquiry in this scenario involves the final decision that would offer a lasting solution in regard to the overall good (Segal, 2006, p. 67). Although the courts decisions did not favor the Chiquita Brands Company, it was practically ethical to agreeable virtue of achieving a final solution in regard to the US law.The Ethical outlook of the Chiquita case is mainly based on the overall interpretation of the issues facing the company as per the utilitarianism and Aristotelianism theories. The ethical outlook entails companys decision to make transaction with FTOs, which was against the Criminal Justice as from 2001, subsequently subjecting the company to the DOJ. The main issue with the company was its ignorance to governments enlisting of AUC as a FTO, which meant that Chiquita had the opportunity to withdraw its operation in Colombia in a proper way as the company did after its voluntary confession of its acts two years later. This would have helped the DOJ to be more lenient into its previous activities in Colombia, and probably avoid chances of being fined. III. Chiquita Brands InternationalThere are various areas of law that have been addressed in the outcome of the case of Chiquita Brands Company. These laws include employment law, business law and security regulations laws. From the activities of Chiquita, it is evident that the bu...

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Investigation Of Mysql Database And Neo4j Database

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Organizational Communication for EHR Communication Quality

Question: Discuss about theOrganizational Communication for EHR Communication Quality. Answer: Introduction In the present business society, communication within an organization remains to be more than the process by which operational data are exchanged. Communication in most organizations involves the mutual exchange of understanding, and it continues to be the essence of the fundamental roles of business management that consist of staffing, planning, directing, controlling, along with organizing. Organizational communication is always necessary to active operations of the organization when dealing with local and global marketplaces (Tucker et al., 2013, p. 197). Organizational communication can be both oral as well as written in nature. The purpose of organizational communication is diverse. Some of its function consists of the idea of informing, persuading, and motivating employees and clients. Organizations employees need to have effective organizational communication so as it can attain excellent performance in operations (Claeys and Cauberghe 2014, p. 1169). Therefore, the principal target of this research paperwork is to critically discuss how organizational communication continues to be more than the process by which operational data is exchanged. Why organization communication is more than a process of exchanging information Organizational communication remains to comprise of the process through which different corporations are established and in turn, develop and shape events. The productive method of organization communication is essential for managers in the operations of organizations to perform the fundamental purposes of management (Rogala and Bialowas 2016, p. 21). Some of the functions that communication performs include planning, leading, organizing, as well as controlling of operations moreover, organization do not concentrate on the process of exchanging information during activities, but it helps managers to perform their responsibilities along with assigned duties in an efficient manner. Therefore, organizational communication serves as the foundation used for planning of operational activities (Sueldo 2016, p. 134). All the necessary data have to e well communicated to different managers and supervisors who in-turn have the responsibilities of communicating the plans to implement them durin g operations. In some cases, the organization also needs efficient communication with other people about their job task. Conversely, organizational leaders together with managers must communicate well with their subordinates to attain the goals of the team. Communication helps in improving how management controls operation of the organization (Blader et al., 2017, p. 23). Organizational communication allows managers to devote the significant section of their time in communication. Corporate communication continues to be the integral part that deals with ideas of running as well as managing operations of the company (Kastberg 2014, p. 83). The managers, business owners, along with workers have the mandate of being efficient towards the process of conveying their thoughts with ideas to other workers that work within the group or outside business settings. Apart from the exchange of information, organizational communication helps in promoting motivations among the operators of Business Corporation. It supports motivation through the process of informing as well as clarifying the employees concerning task that has to be completed. Communication improves the manner different activities are done and how to improve their operational performance if it is not up to the mark (Bailey-Hughes 2015, p23). Besides, communication remains to be the source of operational data to every member of an organization. The data obtained in the process of communication help in improving the process of attaining decision of operations as it helps in identifying and assessing the alternative course of actions by employees and employers (Farooq 2012, p. 46). Additionally, communication plays another essential role of altering attitudes of individual rather than just exchanging information around operations of an organization. For instance, a well-informed person around activities of an organization will remain to comprise of best attitudes more than less conversant person. Various kinds of communication around organization both written and oral such as organization journals, magazines, meetings, and phone calls assist in the process of molding attitudes of workers. Organizational communication helps in improving the process of socializing among organizations employees, workers, and other stakeholders such as targeted customers. In the present days, the only presence of another person tends to foster the process of organizational communication (Barrett 2017, p. 498). It is also in the public domain that an individual can find it hard to survive without appropriate process of communication. The improved channels of communication help in controlling operational processes of communication. Therefore, organization communication also helps in managing behaviors of members of a company in various manners. There are several levels of hierarchy along with particular principles together with guidelines that many workers must focus on following in the organization (Schoenebom 2013, p. 34). The employees have the responsibility of complying with different organization policies, perform their job responsibility efficiently and to communicate any problem con cerning work and any form of grievance to their supervisors and managers. These factors discussed to make the organizational communication to be effective in helping people to control function of management in the current competitive business marketplaces. It is evident that several types of organizational communication approaches are available for people that work in the business operating environment. Every method of organization communication offers individuals the ideal opportunity to choose how they can convey their message along with the development of specific styles of contact for various receivers (Park 2011, p. 13). The advanced models of communication in organization assist in the process of improving the business operations within organizations. More advanced communication in organizations represents the set of different actions of the team about its internal along with external approaches of communication for favorable interaction with various stakeholders such as customers, suppliers, and distributors among other audiences. The realization of organizational communication through the dissemination of information on specific aspects of corporate actions assists organizations to form the public opinion regarding the company (De Waele et al., 2017, p. 11). Additionally, verbal type of connection in the market remains to be the conventional approach that individuals use in transferring their message to other businesses together with individuals. In most cases, verbal communication may comprise of meetings, in-person interviews, video conferencing, and mobile calls. Organizational communication that helps in improving business organizations also includes the written communication that contains the internal business memo, bulletin boards, formal letters, or posters and other various forms of written communication. Furthermore, different types of organizational communication consist of the electronic models (Milkau 2013, p. 43). New communication methods through electronics in an organization comprised of email, social networking like social media platforms, sub-conferencing, online chat, company websites, as well as text messages. Incorporate communication, need the development of advanced strategies along with tactics. Such policies are significant in minimizing the damage to the reputation along with organizations image. Other roles that organizational communication plays Apart from the exchange of information, corporate communication has the wide variety of positions in operations of different organizations globally. Organizational communication acts as the ideal way that controls the behavior of members of the company in various manners. The organization uses communication techniques to form guidelines that every employee has to follow promptly (Ikinci 2014, p. 12). It allows employees to understand the best step to take when they are faced with different issues. Therefore, organization communication help in fostering motivation through ideas that tend to clarify to employees what is needed to be done, how effectively they are doing, as well as what can be attained to improve performance if it is declining. By the use of organizational communication, companies can form specific objectives, feedback on progress towards operational goals, along with reinforcement of desired traits all stimulate motivation along with needed communication. Besides, it i s evident that most employees have the significant role in their workgroup to be the primary source of social interaction (Lehmann-Willenbrock et al., 2018, p. 34). The organizational communication that occurs within the corporation is the critical mechanism by which members show their frustrations and satisfaction feelings. Corporate communication, therefore, offers the release for the emotional expression of feelings of social needs fulfillment. Organizational managers use processes of communication to motivate their employees to achieve peak performance in their operations. Communication helps in clarifying the expectations of workers and providing incentives for meeting or exceeding operational expectations (Brown and Roloff 2015, p. 392). Therefore, organizational communication n has the significant role in helping most organizations to reach their set objects not just to exchange information. For instance, by corporate communication to salespeople that they will get a ten percent bonus if they attain their yearly sales target. Thus, organizational communication helps most companies reach their overall sales goals. Additionally, corporate communication aims at controlling different operations of the organization in addition to the exchange of information (Farooq 2012, p. 47). Most organization embraces the use of communication as the approach of maintaining control over workers and their environment of work. In most cases , written policies and procedures of human resources help in dictating how different employees are permitted towards acting in the workplace. Communication helps in illustrating the description of the job that helps in outlining various parameters of the job functions of employees. Organizational communication provides information that improves the process of interactions, and providing adequate feedback on different operational changes that need to be implemented. Corporate communication allows workers to interact with their targeted clients effectively as well as to interact with colleagues (Tucker et al., 2013, p. 197). In some instances, a customer service department in an organization always communicates with their esteemed or targeted customers to aid them in the process of resolving operational issues. Therefore, the process of organizational communication is vital for workers who work together on the project or during the process of training (Sueldo 2016, p. 135). The communication allows workers and customers to interact socially both at workplaces and outside their places of work. Consequently, apart from the exchange of information, organizational communication performs other essential roles. It helps people around operations of companies to accompli sh different activities that relate to particular functions together with responsibilities such as sales of products, service delivery, and improving production processes. It also accumulates to exchange through individual together with organizational creativity and adapting operations that will enhance the well-being of workers and business communities. Additionally, corporate communication helps in improving the process of completing different tasks through the maintenance of policy, regulations, or procedures that support daily together with continuous operations. It also helps in developing healthy relationship in services of a company where the message of stakeholders is directed at people within the company. It comprises of improving the relationship on signals of human that consist of their attitudes, morale, satisfaction, together with fulfillment (Rogala and Bialowas 2016, p. 32). Therefore, organization communication remains to relate with how organizations represent, cons titute, as well as present their climate and culture of the organization regarding values, attitudes, and goals that characterize the organization activities and its members. The practical process of organizational communication helps in simplifying the success of operations of the organization. Various surveys have reported that communication process comprises of positive correlation with different corporate output such as commitment to organization, performance, the behavior of organization citizenship, along with the satisfaction of job opportunities (De Waele et al., 2017, p. 127). However, failure of organizational communication may result to functionless outcomes that comprise of stress among employees, the dissatisfaction of job, low trust, the decline in the commitment of organization, low trust among organization stakeholders, decline in commitment towards organization operations, severance intention, along with the absence of employees. All these adverse effects of organizational communication can have the adverse impact on the efficiency of the organization. Therefore, in present business society, corporate communication remains as an essential component of activities and operations of companies (Brown and Roloff 2015, p. 401). It is necessary component since global marketplaces have become widespread making it necessary for most or organization to concentrate on meeting their needs with lower resources oblige to recruit organizational communication and lower failure in communication. Conclusion The main recipe for the success of every organization in the modern competitive marketplace remains to be excellent skills of communication in the operations of the organization. All kinds of organizational communication are vital and must be efficient in activities of the organization. The level and function of communication with individuals vary from one company to another around markets. Therefore, it is clear from this presentation that organizational communications have huge importance in operations of the organization rather than just idea of exchanging information during transactions. Different organization managers around global marketplaces must focus on the development of effective communication channel to accomplish their objectives. Effective organizational communication extends the concept to require that every content transmitted has to be received and understood by every stakeholder in the manner it was intended. Therefore, organizational communication also works by de veloping the common perception in an organization, changing behaviors of stakeholders, as well as acquiring information to improve business operations. List of References Bailey-Hughes, B. (2015). Organization Communication. [Carpinteria, Calif.]: Lynda.com. Barrett, A. (2017). Electronic Health Record (EHR) Organizational Change: Explaining Resistance Through Profession, Organizational Experience, and EHR Communication Quality. Health Communication, 33(4), pp.496-506. Blader, S., Patil, S. and Packer, D. (2017). Organizational identification and workplace behavior: More than meets the eye. Research in Organizational Behavior, 37, pp.19-34. Brown, L. and Roloff, M. (2015). Organizational Citizenship Behavior, Organizational Communication, and Burnout: The Buffering Role of Perceived Organizational Support and Psychological Contracts. Communication Quarterly, 63(4), pp.384-404. Claeys, A. and Cauberghe, V. (2014). Keeping Control: The Importance ofNonverbal Expressions of Power byOrganizational Spokespersons in Times ofCrisis. Journal of Communication, 64(6), pp.1160-1180. De Waele, A., Claeys, A. and Cauberghe, V. (2017). The Organizational Voice. Communication Research, p.009365021769291. Farooq, O. (2012). Why are some firms more innovative than others? Exploring the role of learning organization components. Global Business and Organizational Excellence, 31(6), pp.42-49. ?kinci, S. (2014). Organizational Change: Importance of Leadership Style and Training. Management and Organizational Studies, 1(2). Kastberg, P. (2014). Organizational Knowledge Communication a Nascent 3rd Order Disciplinarity. Journal of Organizational Knowledge Communication, 1(1), p.83. Lehmann-Willenbrock, N., Rogelberg, S., Allen, J. and Kello, J. (2018). The critical importance of meetings to leader and organizational success. Organizational Dynamics, 47(1), pp.32-36. Milkau, U. (2013). Adequate communication about operational risk in the business line. The Journal of Operational Risk, 8(1), pp.35-57. Park, Y. (2011). The dynamics of opportunity and threat management in turbulent environments: the role of information technologies. Los Angeles, California: University of Southern California. Rogala, A. and Bia?owa?s, S. (2016). Communication in the organizational environment. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Schoeneborn, D. (2013). Organization as Paradox Communication: Luhmannian Contributions to 'Communication Constitutes Organization' (CCO). SSRN Electronic Journal. Sueldo, M. (2016). The impact of integrated organizational communication on organizational sustainability. Management of Organizations: Systematic Research, 75, pp.121-140. Tucker, D., Yeow, P. and Viki, G. (2013). Communicating During Organizational Change Using Social Accounts. Management Communication Quarterly, 27(2), pp.184-209.

Senior Project Essay Topics

Senior Project Essay TopicsSenior project essay topics are extremely important. The importance of such topics is that you will be required to demonstrate your understanding of the subject and you will have to demonstrate your skills as a skilled writer. You need to make sure that your senior essay topics are impressive and that they provide you with a strong foundation in the subject matter.One very important topic that needs to be tackled is that of the economic crisis. Senior project essays about this crisis can be very useful if you understand the causes and the way in which the crisis has affected our lives. It can also be very helpful if you have developed an expertise in the subject. This can be achieved by reading many academic journals on the subject and reading industry publications in the field.Some senior project essay topics will require that you analyse a particular problem or a set of problems and then present some solutions. However, it is very important that you also have something that demonstrates your abilities as a skilled writer.Career planning is another topic that can be very useful. Many students often struggle with career planning, and this is a very crucial topic to study because of the skills required to do it properly.The job market is very competitive, and so many people want to do research in this area and provide senior project essay topics. These will not only involve interviewing people, but can also be providing information about people who work in different industries. If you are good at talking to people and looking into their past, you may find that this is a useful area to focus on.One of the best ways to research for senior project essay topics is to go on job hunting websites. Job hunters can post a message there if they are looking for work. You can then read through the profiles that are posted and research the people you think would be a good fit for your company.Writing is a very important skill to develop when it com es to senior project essay topics. You need to look at the mistakes that you make when you are writing and learn from them.Senior project essay topics should be interesting and eye-catching to the reader. You will need to convince the reader that you are able to provide them with useful and informative material. You will also need to convince the reader that you are able to present a cohesive and coherent structure to your piece.

Where to Buy Term Papers Online

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